Analisis Ekspor Kakao Olahan Indonesia ke Sembilan Negara Tujuan Tahun 2000–2014

Arif Maulana, Fitri Kartiasih

Abstract

Analysis of Indonesian Cocoa Exports to Nine Destination Countries 2000–2014

The objectives of this article is to analyze the competitiveness of Indonesias processed cocoa export to nine destination countries and to investigate the determinants of export volumes of Indonesias cocoa. Two analysis is conducted using revealed comparative advantage (RCA) and panel data regression. The result indicates that Indonesian processed cocoa has a high comparative advantage in Spain, while in Singapore has a comparative advantage at worst. The panel data regression estimates showed that GDP, population, RCA, and tax policy was statistically significant and had positive effect to cocoa export volumes but the price of processed cocoa had negative effect.

Keywords: Cocoa; Competitiveness; Revealed Comparative Advantage; Panel Data Regression; Government Policy

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis daya saing ekspor kakao olahan Indonesia ke sembilan negara tujuan dan faktor-faktor penentu volume ekspor kakao olahan Indonesia. Dua metode analisis yang digunakan yaitu Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) dan regresi data panel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kakao olahan Indonesia memiliki keunggulan komparatif yang tinggi di Spanyol, sementara di Singapura memiliki keunggulan komparatif yang terendah. Hasil regresi data panel menunjukkan bahwa PDB, populasi, RCA, dan kebijakan bea keluar signifikan secara statistik dan berpengaruh positif terhadap volume ekspor kakao, sedangkan harga kakao olahan memiliki pengaruh yang negatif.

Keywords

Kakao; Daya Saing; Revealed Comparative Advantage; Regresi Data Panel; Kebijakan Pemerintah